AfternoonTea & English
При изучении языка, советую обратить большое внимание на статьи по научным тематикам, они гораздо сложнее обычных за счет непонятной лексики и терминов, но это отличная площадка для тренировки и умения выделять структуру предложений и контекст, отбрасывая незнакомые слова. А еще, если планируете сдавать, например, IELTS - чтение подобных материалов очень упростит вам жизнь тем, что в экзаменах очень часто даются подобные сложные тексты, которые нужно не понимать полностью, а уметь в них ориентироваться.
Потренируемся и сегодня почитаем немного о новых исследованиях.
Сразу разберем одно из главных слов для понимания статьи:
Resilient — устойчивый, легко переносящий трудности
How to Be More Resilient
Why some people get ill in the face of stress and adversity — either mentally or physically — while others rarely succumb?
💊adversity — несчастья
💊succumb — поддаваться
We know, for example, that not everyone gets PTSD after exposure to extreme trauma, while some people get disabling depression with minimal or no stress. Likewise, we know that chronic stress can contribute to physical conditions like heart disease and stroke in some people, while others emerge unscathed. What makes people resilient, and is it something they are born with or can it be acquired later in life?
💊PTSD — посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство
💊exposure — подвергание
💊stroke — инфаркт, удар
💊emerge — появляться, возникать
💊unscathed — невредимый
New research suggests that one possible answer can be found in the brain’s so-called central executive network, which helps regulate emotions, thinking and behavior. Scientists used M.R.I. to study the brains of a racially diverse group of 218 people, ages 12 to 14, living in violent neighborhoods in Chicago. They reported that the youths who had higher levels of functional connectivity in the central executive network had better cardiac and metabolic health than their peers with lower levels of connectivity.
central executive network — центральная исполнительная сеть
💊functional connectivity — функциональная связность
💊cardiac — сердечный
💊metabolic — метаболический
They discovered that when neighborhood homicide rates went up, the young people’s cardiometabolic risk — as measured by obesity, blood-pressure and insulin levels, among other variables — also increased, but only in youths who showed lower activity in this brain network. 💊homicide rate — уровень убийств
💊cardiometabolic — кардиометаболический
💊obesity — ожирение
What’s curious is that the more medically hardy young people were no less anxious or depressed than their less fortunate peers, which suggests that while being more resilient makes you less vulnerable to adversity, it doesn’t guarantee happiness — or even an awareness of being resilient.
💊hardy — выносливый
💊vulnerable — уязвимый
Other studies have found that we can change the activity in the self-control network, and increase healthy behaviors, with simple behavioral interventions. For example, mindfulness training, which involves attention control, emotion regulation and increased self-awareness, can increase connectivity within this network and help people to quit smoking.
There is much still to learn about the science of resilience. Perhaps someday we might be able to protect young people exposed to violence and adversity by supplementing them with neuroprotective growth factors. We know enough now to help them by fortifying their brains through exercise, mindfulness training and support systems. And of course we should do all we can to makes these stressful environments less harmful.
💊supplement — дополнение
💊fortify — укреплять, поддерживать